公司的网络环境是通过代理上网，用python url2lib普通的代理验证不能通过，示例代码：

url = 'www.python.org'username = 'user'password = 'pass'password_mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()# None, with the "WithDefaultRealm" password manager means# that the user/pass will be used for any realm (where# there isn't a more specific match).password_mgr.add_password(None, url, username, password)auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr)opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_handler)urllib2.install_opener(opener)print urllib2.urlopen("http://www.python.org")

仍然会报以下错误：

HTTP Error 407: Proxy Authentication Required ( Forefront TMG requires authorization to fulfill the request.

查了一下，发现跟公司网络代理使用NTLM验证有关，需要安装python ntml包来完成验证。

简单直接用 easy_install python-ntlm

安装好后下面是官方简单的连接代码：

import urllib2from ntlm import HTTPNtlmAuthHandleruser = 'domain\user'password = "pass"url = "http://www.python.org"passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()passman.add_password(None, url, user, password)# create the NTLM authentication handlerauth_NTLM = HTTPNtlmAuthHandler.HTTPNtlmAuthHandler(passman)# create and install the openeropener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_NTLM)urllib2.install_opener(opener)# retrieve the resultresponse = urllib2.urlopen(url)print(response.read())

 一次性成功。